Better tasting your water, the better tasting your tea. The best water is filtered or bottled (but not distilled). If using tap water, let it run cold for 10 seconds before using it for tea.
Pre-heat the vessel. This will prevent the steeping water from dropping in temperature as soon as it is poured in. Add a little boiling water to a ceramic or porcelain tea pot or the individual cups--wherever the tea will be steeped (ceramic and porcelain retain heat well). Cover the tea pot with the lid and a cozy, if you have one. Let stand until the vessel is warm, then pour out the water and proceed immediately to the next step.
Put the tea in an infuser, strainer, or directly in the bottom of the tea pot. Steeping without an infuser or strainer gives the tea more room to unfold and release additional flavor.[2][1] Start with one heaped teaspoon per cup of tea to be made, unless you have instructions which say otherwise. The amount of loose tea you use will depend on the type and strength of the tea, as well as your individual taste, so a little experimentation may be in order.
- If using tea bags, the measuring has already been done for you - generally it's one tea bag per cup. However, make sure that the bags are fresh, since most commercially produced bags consist of small pieces of leaves that are susceptible to becoming stale faster than the loose leaf variety
Add hot water. Pour it over the tea. Use an amount in proportion to the quantity of tea you've added (e.g. 5 cups of water for 5 teaspoons of tea). The ideal water temperature varies based on the type of tea being steeped. The more oxidized (fermented) the tea (e.g. black tea) the hotter the water should be, whereas less oxidized teas (white, green) should be steeped in water that isn't as hot.[3]
- white or green teas, well below boiling (170-185 F or 76-85 C)[2] When the water boils, turn off the heat and let the water cool for 30 seconds for white tea and 60 seconds for green tea before pouring it over the leaves[4]
- oolongs (185-210 F or 85-98 C)[2]
- black teas, water must be at a rolling boil (212 F or 100 C)[2] The most common mistake is to steep black tea with water that is not hot enough, which can prevent the active substances in black tea from developing[3]
- pu-erhs, full rolling boil (212 F or 100 C)
Let steep. Cover with the cozy to retain warmth. Different teas require different steeping times. Check the box for guidance. If there are no instructions, steep for a minute or two, then taste frequently until it's flavorful but not bitter
Remove the tea leaves from the pot (if you have a strainer or infuser) or pour the liquid into another vessel (a cup or a pot, with a strainer to catch any tea leaves). Tuck the tea pot back inside a tea cozy if there is tea remaining in the pot after serving everyone. This helps keep the tea hot longer.
Infuse again. Many teas can be infused multiple times, so repeat the above steps, increasing the steeping time with each infusion, to get the most out of your tea.[2] In some Chinese traditions, the tea is first steeped for 15-30 seconds to rinse any surface contaminants from the leaves, and the resulting liquid is also used to rinse any cups and utensils that will come in contact with the following infusions, which are the ones to be served
Serve the hot tea with milk, sugar, lemon or honey. Do not serve the tea with lemon and milk or the milk will curdle. Choose one or the other. If you use milk, add the milk to the cup first, then add the tea. This prevents the hot tea from scalding the milk by heating it up gradually. The milk will scald if you add the milk to the hot tea rather than the other way around.
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